Sports Safety—Sports & Activities

One of the most common fears parents have after a scoliosis diagnosis is that their child will need to stop sport or avoid physical activity. In reality, most children and teenagers with scoliosis can and should stay active—with the right guidance.

Why Sport Matters

Staying active builds strength, cardiovascular fitness, and confidence. For young people with scoliosis, it can also:

• Support core and back muscle endurance.
• Maintain flexibility and balance.
• Improve mood, reduce anxiety, and boost self-esteem.

There is no evidence that sensible sporting participation worsens curves when monitored and treated appropriately.

Generally Safe Sports

Most non-contact and moderate-contact sports are safe for scoliosis patients, including:

• Swimming.
• Cycling.
• Running and athletics.
• Dancing.
• Football and netball (with some caveats).

Dorsi Spinal Institute assesses each patient individually, but in general we encourage continued participation in these activities.

Sports Requiring Caution

Some sports may require modifications or closer monitoring, especially for patients with larger curves, pain, or those in bracing:

• High-impact gymnastics or trampolining.
• Heavy weightlifting (especially overhead lifts without supervision).
• Contact sports such as rugby at elite levels.

We rarely recommend complete avoidance, but we may suggest technique adjustments, strength pre-conditioning, or limits on high-risk movements.

Exercising in a Brace

Many brace wearers can still participate in sports. Sometimes the brace is worn during low-impact activities and removed for high-intensity sport, depending on the treatment plan. Dorsi clinicians provide clear instructions tailored to each child.

When to Stop or Adjust

We advise seeking review if sport causes:

• Persistent or worsening back pain.
• Leg weakness, numbness, or pins and needles.
• Breathlessness out of proportion to effort.

In these cases, we may adjust bracing, exercise intensity, or investigate for other issues.

How Dorsi Spinal Institute Supports Active Lifestyles

We work with families, schools, and coaches to create realistic, healthy activity plans. Where needed, we provide letters outlining restrictions or recommendations, and help young athletes return to sport after surgery or major treatment.

Next Steps

If you’re unsure what sports are safe for your child—or yourself—book a consultation at Dorsi Spinal Institute. We’ll create a personalised activity roadmap that keeps you moving safely and happily.

Related reading: see our blogs on spine-friendly sports, aquatic therapy, and scoliosis-specific exercise.

 

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Understanding Cobb Angle—Screening & Diagnosis

Almost every scoliosis appointment involves a discussion of “degrees” and “Cobb angle.” Understanding what this number means—and what it doesn’t—helps families interpret x-rays and treatment decisions with more confidence.

What Is the Cobb Angle?

The Cobb angle is the standard way of measuring the size of a scoliosis curve. On an x-ray, clinicians identify the most tilted vertebra at the top and bottom of the curve and draw lines along their endplates. The angle where these lines intersect is the Cobb angle.

Severity Categories

While exact cut-offs vary slightly, Cobb angles are often grouped as:

• Mild: 10–20 degrees.
• Moderate: 21–40 degrees.
• Severe: over 40–45 degrees.

These bands help guide monitoring and treatment recommendations.

Why One or Two Degrees Don’t Change Everything

It’s important to remember that x-ray measurements have a small margin of error—often around 3–5 degrees. A change from 18° to 20° may not be clinically meaningful, whereas a change from 18° to 28° certainly is. At Dorsi, we always interpret numbers in context.

Growth and Cobb Angle

The same Cobb angle can mean different things at different ages:

• A 20° curve in a nearly fully grown adolescent may need only observation.
• A 20° curve in a 10-year-old with years of growth ahead may require bracing.

That’s why we pair Cobb angle with growth status and curve pattern when planning care.

Monitoring Change

Dorsi Spinal Institute uses repeat imaging at safe intervals to track Cobb angle over time. We look for:

• Stable curves: little or no change between scans.
• Progressive curves: increases of 5° or more, especially over short periods.

Change, not just a single number, often drives decisions.

Explaining Results to Families

We believe numbers should never be a mystery. At Dorsi, clinicians sit down with families to show x-rays, explain Cobb measurements, and discuss what the current angle means practically—today and in the future.

Next Steps

If you’ve been told a Cobb angle but don’t fully understand its implications, bring your imaging to Dorsi Spinal Institute. We’ll translate technical details into clear, usable information and a tailored plan.

Related reading: see our blogs on official diagnosis, understanding your child’s x-rays, and curve correction outcomes.

 

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Scoliosis and Childbearing—Pregnancy & Women’s Health

Many women with scoliosis worry about pregnancy, wondering if their spine will cope with the physical demands of carrying and delivering a baby. The reassuring news is that, for most, scoliosis does not prevent a healthy pregnancy or normal childbirth.

Fertility and Pregnancy

Scoliosis, even when moderate or severe, does not usually affect fertility. Women with curves experience similar conception rates to those without scoliosis. Pregnancy itself is usually well tolerated, although existing back pain may increase temporarily as the body changes.

Will Pregnancy Worsen My Curve?

For most women with fully grown spines, there is no strong evidence that pregnancy causes significant, permanent curve progression. Some may experience short-term posture changes and discomfort, but long-term structural worsening is uncommon.

Pain and Posture During Pregnancy

Changes in weight, centre of gravity, and hormones can affect spinal comfort. Dorsi Spinal Institute supports pregnant patients with:

• Pregnancy-safe exercise and stretching plans.
• Advice on posture, sleeping positions, and lifting.
• Targeted physiotherapy and manual therapy where appropriate.

Epidurals and Anaesthesia

Some women with scoliosis or spinal fusion worry about whether epidurals or spinal blocks are possible. In many cases, they are still feasible, though they may be technically more challenging. Dorsi provides detailed spinal summaries and graphics for obstetric anaesthetists when needed, helping them plan safely.

Delivery Options

Most women with scoliosis deliver vaginally. Caesarean sections are reserved for standard obstetric reasons rather than scoliosis alone. Our role is to work with your maternity team to ensure your curve and any previous spinal surgery are fully considered.

Postnatal Considerations

After birth, new mothers with scoliosis benefit from:

• Guidance on safe baby-lifting and feeding positions.
• Rehabilitation exercises to restore core and back strength.
• Help managing fatigue and sleep in a way that protects the spine.

Next Steps

If you have scoliosis and are pregnant or planning a family, Dorsi Spinal Institute can coordinate your spine care with your midwife, GP, and obstetric team, giving you peace of mind at every stage.

Related reading: see our posts on adult scoliosis, bone health, and scoliosis in pregnancy.

 

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Pain Reality Check—Symptoms & Signs

Families often arrive at Dorsi Spinal Institute confused about pain. Some children have visible curves but no pain at all; some adults have severe pain with only modest curves. Understanding when pain is related to scoliosis—and when it may not be—is key to good care.

Scoliosis and Pain in Children

Most children and teenagers with scoliosis experience little or no back pain from the curve itself. Mild aches after long school days or sports are common in all young people and are not necessarily cause for alarm.

Red Flag Symptoms in Young People

We take pain seriously in children when it:

• Is severe or constant.
• Occurs at night or disturbs sleep.
• Is associated with leg weakness, numbness, or changes in bladder/bowel control.
• Comes with fever or unexplained weight loss.

These signs warrant urgent medical review to rule out other causes, not just scoliosis progression.

Pain in Adults with Scoliosis

Adults with scoliosis are more likely to experience back pain due to:

• Disc degeneration and arthritis.
• Muscle fatigue and imbalance.
• Nerve compression causing leg symptoms.

Here, scoliosis and age-related changes work together to produce discomfort.

Assessing Pain at Dorsi

Our team performs a thorough pain evaluation, considering:

• Location, intensity, and triggers of pain.
• Spinal alignment and curve severity.
• Other potential contributors, such as hip or knee arthritis.

We may recommend imaging, nerve tests, or referrals to ensure nothing important is missed.

Don’t Ignore or Normalise Persistent Pain

Persistent pain is never something you should just “live with.” Early assessment can reveal simple treatment options and prevent worsening problems.

Next Steps

If scoliosis and pain are present—whether in a child or adult—Dorsi Spinal Institute can clarify the relationship and design a targeted pain management and rehabilitation plan.

Related reading: see our blogs on scoliosis back pain, adult scoliosis, and neurological red flags.

 

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When Surgery Is Considered—Treatment: Surgery

Scoliosis surgery is a major decision. At Dorsi Spinal Institute, we view surgery as a last resort, reserved for specific situations where the benefits clearly outweigh the risks. Understanding these situations helps patients and families feel more informed and less afraid.

Typical Indications for Surgery

Surgery may be recommended when:

• Curves exceed 45–50 degrees and are still progressing.
• Bracing and exercise have failed to control growth.
• There is significant risk to lung or heart function in severe curves.
• Chronic, disabling pain or neurological compromise is present.

Goals of Surgery

Spinal fusion surgery aims to:

• Stop curve progression permanently.
• Improve overall spinal alignment and balance.
• Protect lung and nerve function.

Although some flexibility is sacrificed, many patients enjoy stable, active lives afterwards.

Surgical Planning and Teamwork

Dorsi Spinal Institute works closely with NHS spinal surgeons to:

• Identify appropriate surgical candidates.
• Provide detailed imaging and non-surgical treatment histories.
• Offer prehabilitation to improve strength and fitness before surgery.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Post-surgery, we guide patients through:

• Initial recovery and pain control.
• Gradual mobility and strength exercises.
• Safe reintroduction to school, work, and sport.

Ongoing follow-up ensures complications are detected and addressed early.

Emotional Considerations

Surgery can be emotionally challenging for families. Dorsi provides counselling and peer support, including opportunities to speak with patients who have undergone similar procedures.

Next Steps

If surgery has been recommended—or if you’re wondering if it might be necessary—Dorsi Spinal Institute can offer an independent, comprehensive second opinion and support you through every stage of the journey.

Related reading: see our blogs on high-risk curves, post-surgical rehabilitation, and long-term health implications.

 

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When Scoliosis Affects Breathing—Complications & Health

Breathing problems are one of the most worrying potential complications of scoliosis, but they occur only in a minority of severe cases. Understanding when and how breathing can be affected allows timely action and reassurance for most families.

How Scoliosis Can Affect the Lungs

In very large curves, especially those involving the thoracic (mid-back) spine, the rib cage can become distorted, reducing the space available for lung expansion. This may lead to:

• Reduced lung volumes.
• Shortness of breath on exertion.
• In severe cases, strain on the heart.

Who Is at Risk?

Breathing issues are more likely when:

• Curves exceed 70–80 degrees in the thoracic region.
• There are additional neuromuscular or cardiopulmonary conditions.
• The curve developed early in childhood, affecting thoracic growth.

Assessing Lung Function at Dorsi

We use a combination of:

• Clinical examination and breathing observation.
• Simple lung function tests (spirometry).
• Imaging to correlate spine and rib cage position.

Where necessary, we collaborate with respiratory physicians and cardiologists.

Non-Surgical Interventions

Even in high-risk curves, lung function can be supported with:

• Thoracic mobility exercises and targeted breathing training.
• Bracing to optimise posture and chest expansion.
• General fitness and conditioning programmes.

When Surgery Protects Breathing

In some extreme cases, surgery may be recommended partly to prevent further compromise of lung and heart function. The decision is made jointly with spinal and respiratory specialists.

Reassurance for Most Patients

For the vast majority of children and adults with mild to moderate scoliosis, breathing is never affected. Early detection and active management help ensure that they remain in this low-risk group.

Next Steps

If you or your child has scoliosis and you’re worried about breathing, Dorsi Spinal Institute can assess risk, run appropriate tests, and create a protective management plan.

Related reading: see our posts on kyphoscoliosis, lung health, and long-term scoliosis implications.

 

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Emotional Support Matters—Children & Adolescents

Scoliosis does not only bend spines—it can bend confidence too. For children and adolescents, a diagnosis, brace, or talk of surgery raises questions about appearance, acceptance, and the future. Emotional support is not optional; it is a core part of effective treatment.

Common Emotional Reactions

Young people with scoliosis may experience:

• Worries about looking “different.”
• Fears of being bullied or excluded.
• Embarrassment about wearing a brace.
• Anxiety about medical appointments and x-rays.

How Families Can Help

Parents and carers can support children by:

• Listening without judgment when they express fears.
• Reassuring them that scoliosis is manageable and not their fault.
• Keeping routines as normal as possible around school and hobbies.

Dorsi’s Emotional Support Framework

At Dorsi Spinal Institute, emotional health is integrated into every stage of care:

• Age-appropriate explanations about diagnosis and treatment.
• Access to counsellors experienced in adolescent health.
• Peer support from other young people who have lived with braces or surgery.

School and Social Life

We also support schools with education and guidance, helping teachers understand the condition and facilitate inclusion in PE, trips, and group activities.

Why Emotional Support Improves Outcomes

Children who feel supported are more likely to:

• Engage fully with treatment (brace wear, exercises).
• Maintain social networks and activities.
• Develop resilience that carries into adult life.

Next Steps

If your child has scoliosis and you notice mood changes, withdrawal, or anxiety, Dorsi Spinal Institute can help—with both clinical care and focused emotional support.

Related reading: see our blogs on confidence, adolescent scoliosis, and peer support networks.

 

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Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)—Types of Scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of spinal curvature in young people. It typically appears around puberty and, without treatment, can progress during growth spurts.

Who Is Affected?

AIS usually affects children between 10 and 18 years old. Girls are more likely than boys to develop curves that require treatment, although boys are certainly not immune.

Typical Curve Patterns

AIS curves often occur in the:

• Thoracic spine (mid-back).
• Lumbar spine (lower back).
• Both (double major curves).

Pattern recognition helps predict how curves may change over time.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of AIS is unknown, but contributory factors include:

• Family history and genetic predisposition.
• Rapid growth during puberty.
• Subtle differences in balance or spinal growth control.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of AIS includes clinical examination, x-rays, and assessment of growth status. Dorsi Spinal Institute also uses digital posture analysis and 3D scans where indicated.

Management at Dorsi

Management options range from:

• Observation (for very small curves).
• 3D custom bracing and scoliosis-specific exercises.
• Surgical referral for large or rapidly progressing curves.

Our goal is to minimise impact on daily life while maximising long-term outcomes.

Next Steps

If your child has been diagnosed with AIS—or you suspect a curve is forming—Dorsi Spinal Institute can provide a comprehensive evaluation and a growth-sensitive treatment plan.

Related reading: see our posts on early screening, family history, and bracing plus exercise.

 

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Bracing Plus Exercise—Integrative Treatment

Bracing and exercise are sometimes presented as competing options for scoliosis. At Dorsi Spinal Institute, they are partners. Used together, they provide the most powerful non-surgical approach to curve control and correction.

Why Bracing Alone Isn’t Enough

Braces like ScoliBrace can apply three-dimensional corrective forces to the spine, guiding it toward better alignment. However, they do not actively retrain muscles or movement patterns on their own. Without muscle engagement, gains made in a brace may be harder to maintain after weaning.

Why Exercise Alone Isn’t Enough

Exercises, especially scoliosis-specific methods such as Schroth and SEAS, target strength, flexibility, and postural control. They are excellent for supporting the spine but may not be sufficient to control progression of moderate curves in children who are still growing.

The Power of Integration

Combining bracing and exercise allows:

• The brace to provide consistent structural correction.
• Exercises to train the body to hold and support that correction.

Evidence shows that this integrated approach produces better outcomes than either method alone.

Dorsi’s Integrated Programmes

At Dorsi Spinal Institute, brace wear is coordinated with:

• Regular physiotherapy sessions.
• Home exercise programmes tailored to each curve pattern.
• Education about posture in daily activities.

This ensures that every hour in or out of the brace contributes to long-term success.

Patient Engagement and Motivation

Exercises also give patients a sense of control and agency, turning them from passive recipients of care into active participants. This psychological shift supports adherence and resilience.

Next Steps

If you’ve heard mixed messages about bracing versus exercise, Dorsi Spinal Institute can clarify your options and design a combined programme that plays to the strengths of both.

Related reading: see our blogs on scoliosis-specific exercises, ScoliBrace technology, and curve correction outcomes.

 

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Injury Doesn’t Create Curves—Causes & Prevention

After a fall, collision, or lifting incident, some people notice a change in posture or experience back pain for the first time. It’s natural to ask whether that injury has “caused” scoliosis. For the vast majority of patients, the answer is no: trauma does not cause idiopathic scoliosis.

What Idiopathic Scoliosis Is—and Isn’t

Idiopathic scoliosis is a structural, three-dimensional curve of the spine that develops over time, usually driven by genetics and growth patterns. It is not the result of a single event, like a fall or lifting something heavy.

What Trauma Can Do

Injuries can:

• Cause muscle strains, ligament sprains, or bruising.
• Lead to temporary guarding or postural changes due to pain.
• Reveal a pre-existing curve during investigations (x-rays, MRI) that might otherwise have gone unnoticed.

In very rare, severe trauma, fractures or dislocations can alter the shape of the spine, but this is a separate problem from idiopathic scoliosis and is treated differently.

Why Injury and Scoliosis Often Get Blended

Because many people only see a specialist or have imaging after an injury, that appointment may be the first time a curve is identified. It can be easy to assume the accident caused the curve, when in reality, the curve was present beforehand.

Post-Injury Assessment at Dorsi Spinal Institute

If you have had a back or neck injury and a curve has been mentioned, Dorsi can:

• Separate true structural scoliosis from postural changes.
• Identify any acute injuries needing urgent care.
• Develop a safe rehabilitation plan to restore strength and confidence.

Prevention and Safe Activity

While injuries don’t cause idiopathic scoliosis, protecting your back is still important. We teach:

• Correct lifting technique.
• Warm-up and conditioning for sports.
• How to return to activity after injury safely.

Next Steps

If you’ve developed pain or noticed a curve after an accident, contact Dorsi Spinal Institute. We’ll clarify whether scoliosis is present, whether it was there before, and exactly what to do about both the injury and the curve.

Related reading: see our blogs on pain assessment, degenerative scoliosis, and neurological warning signs.

 

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