Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)—Types of Scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of spinal curvature in young people. It typically appears around puberty and, without treatment, can progress during growth spurts.

Who Is Affected?

AIS usually affects children between 10 and 18 years old. Girls are more likely than boys to develop curves that require treatment, although boys are certainly not immune.

Typical Curve Patterns

AIS curves often occur in the:

• Thoracic spine (mid-back).
• Lumbar spine (lower back).
• Both (double major curves).

Pattern recognition helps predict how curves may change over time.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of AIS is unknown, but contributory factors include:

• Family history and genetic predisposition.
• Rapid growth during puberty.
• Subtle differences in balance or spinal growth control.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of AIS includes clinical examination, x-rays, and assessment of growth status. Dorsi Spinal Institute also uses digital posture analysis and 3D scans where indicated.

Management at Dorsi

Management options range from:

• Observation (for very small curves).
• 3D custom bracing and scoliosis-specific exercises.
• Surgical referral for large or rapidly progressing curves.

Our goal is to minimise impact on daily life while maximising long-term outcomes.

Next Steps

If your child has been diagnosed with AIS—or you suspect a curve is forming—Dorsi Spinal Institute can provide a comprehensive evaluation and a growth-sensitive treatment plan.

Related reading: see our posts on early screening, family history, and bracing plus exercise.

 

Written by